Thrush Research Today is a free monthly online journal that collates and summarizes the latest research about Thrush, including details on oral, vaginal, symptoms, prevention, treatment, infection.

Incidence of oral candidiasis and oral hairy leukoplakia in HIV-infected adults in North Carolina.

Chattopadhyay A, Caplan DJ, Slade GD, Shugars DC, Tien HC, Patton LL

Department of Informatics, School of Dentistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

OBJECTIVES: To establish incidence rates and risk factors for HIV-associated oral candidiasis (OC), oral hairy leukoplakia (OHL), and any HIV-associated oral diseases (HIV-OD). DESIGN: This prospective, cumulative case-control study followed 283 initially oral disease-free HIV-1-infected men and women for 2 years. Incidence rate ratios (IRR) and incidence proportions for OC, OHL, and HIV-OD were estimated. Multivariable analyses using Poisson regression determined the most parsimonious best-fitting model explaining the outcomes. RESULTS: Incidence rate (per 1000 person-months) was 9.3 for OC, 6.8 for OHL, and 13.5 for HIV-OD. Incidence of OC was associated with low CD4 count (adjusted IRR = 3.0 (95% CI = 1.7, 5.1)), smoking (IRR = 1.9 (1.0, 3.8)) and combination antiretroviral therapy (IRR = 0.3 (0.1, 0.8)). Incidence of OHL was associated with low CD4 count, conditional upon smoking status. Conclusions Low CD4 count and smoking are important risk factors for HIV-associated OC and OHL. Antiretroviral medications are protective for OC but not for OHL.

Published 15 December 2004 in Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod, 99(1): 39-47.
Full-text of this article is available online (may require subscription).

© 2004-2008 Thrush Research Today. All Rights Reserved.